1942
May 7-8, 1942--Battle
of Coral Sea.
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Although, the US Navy suffered great casualties in this battle,
it was the first time the US put a stop to Japans offensive after the attack
at Pearl Harbor.
June 4-7--Battle
of Midway.
Naval intelligence were able to breakdown some of the Japanese
naval code. This information indicated the Japanese force where moving
into the Western and Northern Pacific.
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Nimitz was certain the enemy where going to strike at Midway.
Although, Admiral King, the Chief of Naval Operations, sensed that the
use of the battleships in such an offensive could debilitate the Pacific
Navy to a great extent and did not recommend the use of them, Nimitz decided
to take the risk and directed efforts to reinforce Midway. He ordered
part of a raider battalion, four submarines, Army bombers, Task Force 16
and the carriers Yorktown and Hornet.
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The Imperial Japanese Navy had a superior carrier fleet,
with more carriers than of the US fleet and better trained aviators.
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The US Navy got lucky because they where not detected driving
to Midway. Japanese submarines arrived late on station and the US
ships had already passed them.
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The battle demonstrated how vital and superior was the carrier
as a weapon. The whole battle was fought through the use of airplanes.
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The United States where victorious. The US Navy only
suffered one great casualty, the sinking of the Yorktown, while
the Japanese lost the carriers Kaga, Akagi, Soryu,
and Hiryu.
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This battle stands in history as one of the most decisive
battles in the Pacific. It was the turning point where the Japanese
had to begin to fight a defensive war. The US forces successfully
curtailed any further Japanese invasions in the Pacific.
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Admiral
Nimitz report of the Battle of Midway to Admiral King.
Oct. 22--Intelligence informed Nimitz the Japanese fleet
was ready to attack in the Solomons area. Nimitz knew to count on
the Japanes to use attrition because the US had an inferior force.
Although, Nimitz main concern was the Pacific was not getting enough support
due to the "Germany first" campaign. He challenged his Admirals to
do the best with what they had.
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Halsey will try to bring optimism to his troops by challenging
them to "Operation Shoestring" whenever they where fighting with little
logistical support.
Nov. 14--Halsey successfully landed in the Solomons.
Dec. 7--One year after Pearl Harbor, Nimitz was satisfied
with the progress made. The Americans secured the sea and air in
Guadacanal, southern Solomons, and Tulagi.
Home 1941
1943 1944
1945